[16], Californium is only water-soluble as the californium(III) cation. Californium, the sixth transuranium element to be discovered, was produced by Thompson, Street, Ghioirso, and Seaborg in 1950 by bombarding microgram quantities of 242 Cm with 35 MeV helium ions in the Berkeley 60-inch cyclotronproducing 244 Cf. Californium-252. Since that time, Californium-252 has been used as a neutron source in applications such as nuclear reactor start-up and neutron spectroscopy. [26] This property makes californium useful as a neutron startup source for some nuclear reactors[16] and as a portable (non-reactor based) neutron source for neutron activation analysis to detect trace amounts of elements in samples. Einsteinium: Discovered in 1952 by Albert Ghiorso and colleagues 100. It can be used as a portable neutron source for the detection of gold or silver by on-the-spot activation analysis. Stanley Thompson, Kenneth Street Jr., Albert Ghiorso, and Glenn Seaborg were the scientist who discovered this element. Along with a documentary called "The Worlds of Philip K. Dick", discover the univers of the greatest sci-fi author of the 20th century. Although "discovered" is not perhaps the correct term, as Californium does not exist naturally on earth. [62] Neutron moisture gauges use californium-252 to find water and petroleum layers in oil wells, as a portable neutron source for gold and silver prospecting for on-the-spot analysis,[20] and to detect ground water movement. [47] However, subsequent studies failed to demonstrate any californium spectra,[48] and supernova light curves are now thought to follow the decay of nickel-56. Californium is a male contestant who competed in Quick D.R.A.W. [32][e] However, the element directly above element 98 in the periodic table, dysprosium, has a name that simply means "hard to get at" so the researchers decided to set aside the informal naming convention. [51] Only two sites produce californium-252: the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in the United States, and the Research Institute of Atomic Reactors in Dimitrovgrad, Russia. This short half-life means the element is not found in significant quantities in the Earth's crust. [13], The element has two crystalline forms at standard atmospheric pressure: a double-hexagonal close-packed form dubbed alpha (α) and a face-centered cubic form designated beta (β). It is a synthetic radioactive metal and a powerful neutron emitter. 13981-17-4. Allotropes : ~>CALIFORNIUM is a radioactive chemical element with symbol Cf and atomic number 98. The team, made up of Glenn Seaborg (1912- ), Albert Ghiorso (1915- ), Kenneth Street, Jr., and Stanley G. Thompson (1912- ), named the new element after the state of California. Californium metal starts to vaporize above 300 °C (570 °F) when exposed to a vacuum. The element was named after the university and the U.S. state of California. In 1951, Glenn Theodore Seaborg won the Noble Prize for his great works in the field of Chemistry. About Californium Californium is an actinide and a radioactive metal which was discovered about 70 years ago by a group of scientists in one of the universities of California, so it has got its name after the state. Allotropes Cf Californium 98 [251] Glossary. Named after the State and University of California, USA. [71] The element plays no natural biological role in any organism due to its intense radioactivity and low concentration in the environment. They bombarded atoms of curium -242 with helium ions using a device known as a cyclotron. Contents. [28][29], To produce californium, a microgram-sized target of curium-242 (24296Cm) was bombarded with 35 MeV-alpha particles (42He) in the 60-inch-diameter (1.52 m) cyclotron at Berkeley, which produced californium-245 (24598Cf) plus one free neutron (n). [26] Most of the other isotopes of californium decay to isotopes of curium (atomic number 96) via alpha decay. [70], Californium that bioaccumulates in skeletal tissue releases radiation that disrupts the body's ability to form red blood cells. Californium - Launch Trailer Arte. It was first discovered by Stanley Gerald Thompson, an American chemist, Glenn Theodore Seaborg an American scientist and Albert Ghiorso an American nuclear scientist. Californium was made by bombarding curium with helium ions. 1 Structures Expand this section. More... Molecular Weight: 252.08163 g/mol. Discovered by: Stanley Thompson, Kenneth Street, Jr., Albert Ghiorso, and Glenn Seaborg . Genesis Wireline. (est) 900 deg C; at. In addition, californium-249 and californium-251 can cause tissue damage externally, through gamma ray emission. Californium was discovered in 1950 by a team consisting of Glenn Seaborg, Albert Ghiorso, Kenneth Street and Stanley G. Thompson at the University of California while performing an experiment of bombarding curium-242 with alpha-particles using a 60-inch cyclotron. 1 Origin 2 Appearance 3 Personality 4 Gameplay 5 Trivia Californium is based on the chemical element of the same name.
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